Uma ikhululekile endaweni ebandayo, i-molecule izopholisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokunciphisa ukujikeleza kwayo futhi ilahlekelwe amandla ajikelezayo ekuguqukeni kwe-quantum.Izazi ze-physics ziye zabonisa ukuthi le nqubo yokupholisa ejikelezayo ingasheshiswa, yehliswe ijubane noma iguqulwe ngokungqubuzana kwama-molecule anezinhlayiya ezizungezile. .googletag.cmd.push(umsebenzi() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1449240174198-2′);
Abacwaningi baseMax-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics eJalimane kanye ne-Columbia Astrophysical Laboratory muva nje benze ukuhlola okuhloswe ukukala amazinga okushintsha e-quantum okubangelwa ukushayisana phakathi kwama-molecule nama-electron.Okutholakele, okushicilelwe ku-Physical Review Letters, kunikeza ubufakazi bokuqala bokuhlola. yalesi silinganiso, phambilini ebesilinganiselwe ngokwethiyori kuphela.
"Lapho ama-electron nama-ion amangqamuzana ekhona kugesi ene-ionized ebuthakathaka, inani eliphansi le-quantum-level lama-molecule lingashintsha ngesikhathi sokushayisana," u-Ábel Kálosi, omunye wabacwaningi abenze lolu cwaningo, utshele i-Phys.org. Inqubo isemafini aphakathi kwezinkanyezi, lapho okubonwayo kubonisa ukuthi ama-molecule asezindaweni zawo eziphansi kakhulu ze-quantum. Ukukhangana phakathi kwama-electron ashajelwe kabi nama-ion amangqamuzana ashajwe kahle kwenza inqubo yokushayisana kwama-electron isebenze kahle.”
Iminyaka eminingi, izazi zefiziksi bezizama ukunquma ngokwethiyori ukuthi ama-electron akhululekile asebenzisana kangakanani nama-molecule ngesikhathi sokushayisana futhi ekugcineni aguqule isimo sawo sokujikeleza.Nokho, kuze kube manje, ukubikezela kwabo kwetiyori akuzange kuhlolwe endaweni yokuhlola.
“Kuze kube manje, azikho izilinganiso ezenziwe ukuze kutholwe ubuqiniso boshintsho emazingeni wamandla ajikelezayo kubuningi be-electron enikeziwe nezinga lokushisa,” kuchaza uKálosi.
Ukuze aqoqe lesi silinganiso, u-Kálosi nozakwabo baletha ama-molecule akhokhiswa angawodwa ukuze asondelelane nama-electron emazingeni okushisa acishe abe ngu-25 Kelvin. Lokhu kwabavumela ukuba bahlole ngokuhlola ukucabanga okucatshangelwayo nezibikezelo ezichazwe emisebenzini yangaphambilini.
Ekuhloleni kwabo, abacwaningi basebenzise indandatho yokugcina i-cryogenic e-Max-Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics e-Heidelberg, eJalimane, eyenzelwe imishayo ye-ion yamangqamuzana ekhetha izinhlobo. ikhishwa kakhulu kunoma imaphi amanye amagesi angemuva.
“Endandathoni ye-cryogenic, ama-ion agciniwe angakwazi ukupholiswa ngokushisa okukhazimulayo ekushiseni kwezindonga zamasongo, akhiphe ama-ion agcwaliswe emazingeni aphansi kakhulu e-quantum,” kuchaza uKálosi.” Amaringi okugcina ama-Cryogenic asanda kwakhiwa emazweni amaningana, kodwa indawo yethu i okuwukuphela kwayo efakwe ugongolo lwe-electron oluklanywe ngokukhethekile olungaqondiswa ekuthinteni ama-ion amangqamuzana. Ama-ion agcinwa imizuzu embalwa kule ringi, i-laser isetshenziselwa ukuphenya amandla ajikelezayo ama-ion amangqamuzana.”
Ngokukhetha i-wavelength ethile yokubona ye-laser yayo yokuhlola, ithimba lingase licekele phansi ingxenye encane yama-ion agciniwe uma amazinga awo ajikelezayo elingana nobude be-wavelength.Labe selithola izingcezu zama-molecule aphazamisekile ukuze lithole okuthiwa amasignali e-spectral.
Ithimba liqoqe izilinganiso zalo likhona futhi lingekho ukungqubuzana kwama-electron.Lokhu kwabavumela ukuthi babone izinguquko kusibalo sabantu abavundlile ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphansi ezibekwe ekuhlolweni.
“Ukuze kulinganiswe inqubo yokungqubuzana okushintsha isimo esijikelezayo, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunezinga eliphansi kakhulu lamandla ajikelezayo ku-ion yamangqamuzana,” kusho uKálosi.” Ngakho, ocwaningweni lwaselabhorethri, ama-ion amangqamuzana kumelwe agcinwe endaweni ebanda kakhulu. amavolumu, usebenzisa ukupholisa i-cryogenic emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kwegumbi lokushisa, elivame ukusondele ku-300 Kelvin. Kulo mqulu, ama-molecule angahlukaniswa nama-molecule atholakala yonke indawo, imisebe eshisayo ye-infrared yemvelo yethu. "
Ekuhloleni kwabo, u-Kálosi kanye nozakwabo bakwazi ukufeza izimo zokuhlola lapho ukungqubuzana kwama-electron kulawula ukuguquka kwemisebe.Ngokusebenzisa ama-electron anele, babekwazi ukuqoqa izilinganiso zobuningi bokungqubuzana kwama-electron nge-CH+ ions yamangqamuzana.
"Sithole ukuthi izinga lokushintsha elibangelwa ama-electron lifana nokubikezela kwetiyori kwangaphambilini," kusho u-Kálosi.” Izilinganiso zethu zinikeza ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokubikezela kwetiyori okukhona. Silindele ukuthi izibalo zesikhathi esizayo zizogxila kakhulu emiphumeleni engase ibe khona yokushayisana kwama-electron kubantu abasezingeni eliphansi kakhulu lamandla kumasistimu we-quantum abandayo, angawodwa.”
Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa izibikezelo zetiyori endaweni yokuhlola okokuqala ngqa, umsebenzi wakamuva waleli qembu labacwaningi ungase ube nemithelela ebalulekile yocwaningo.Isibonelo, abakutholile kusikisela ukuthi ukulinganisa izinga loshintsho elenziwe ngama-electron kumazinga wamandla we-quantum kungaba okubalulekile lapho kuhlaziywa izimpawu ezibuthakathaka zama-molecule emkhathini atholwe izibonakude zomsakazo noma ukusebenza kabusha kwamakhemikhali kuma-plasma azacile nabandayo.
Ngokuzayo, leli phepha lingase livule indlela yezifundo zethiyori ezintsha ezicubungula ngokuseduze umphumela wokushayisana kwama-electron ekusebenzeni kwamazinga ajikelezayo e-quantum energy kuma-molecule abandayo.Lokhu kungasiza ukuthola ukuthi ukushayisana kwama-electron kunomphumela oqine kakhulu, okwenza kungenzeka ukwenza izivivinyo ezinemininingwane eyengeziwe kulo mkhakha.
“Endandaneni yokugcina i-cryogenic, sihlela ukwethula ubuchwepheshe be-laser obuhlukahlukene ukuze kuphenywe amazinga ajikelezayo ezinhlobo zamangqamuzana e-diatomic kanye ne-polyatomic,” kwengeza u-Kálosi.” Lokhu kuzovula indlela yocwaningo lokungqubuzana kwama-electron kusetshenziswa izinombolo ezinkulu zama-ion wamangqamuzana engeziwe. . Izilinganiso zaselabhorethri zalolu hlobo zizoqhubeka nokulekelelwa, ikakhulukazi ekuhloleni izinkanyezi kusetshenziswa izindawo zokubheka ezinamandla njenge-Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array eChile. ”
Sicela usebenzise leli fomu uma uhlangabezana namaphutha esipelingi, ukunemba, noma ufuna ukuthumela isicelo sokuhlela okuqukethwe kwaleli khasi.Ngemibuzo evamile, sicela usebenzise ifomu lethu lokuxhumana.Ukuze uthole impendulo evamile, sicela usebenzise isigaba sokuphawula komphakathi esingezansi (sicela ulandele imihlahlandlela).
Impendulo yakho ibalulekile kithi.Nokho, ngenxa yobuningi bemilayezo, asiqinisekisi izimpendulo ngazinye.
Ikheli lakho le-imeyili lisetshenziselwa ukwazisa abamukeli kuphela ukuthi ngubani othumele i-imeyili.Akulona ikheli lakho noma ikheli lomamukeli elizosetshenziselwa noma yiziphi ezinye izinjongo.Ulwazi olufakayo luzovela ku-imeyili yakho futhi ngeke lugcinwe yi-Phys.org kunoma iyiphi enye inhloso. ifomu.
Thola izibuyekezo zamasonto onke kanye/noma zansuku zonke zilethwa ebhokisini lakho lokungenayo.Ungazikhipha ohlwini noma nini futhi ngeke sabelane ngemininingwane yakho nabanye abantu.
Le webhusayithi isebenzisa amakhukhi ukuze ikusize ngokuzulazula, ukuhlaziya ukusebenzisa kwakho amasevisi ethu, ukuqoqa idatha yokwenza kube ngokwakho ukukhangisa, futhi inikeze okuqukethwe okuvela kwabanye abantu.Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu, uyavuma ukuthi uyifundile futhi wayiqonda Inqubomgomo yethu Yobumfihlo kanye Nemigomo Yokusebenzisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-28-2022